AP Biology
Course Features
Course Details
Course Overview
AP Biology is an introductory college-level biology course. Students cultivate their understanding of biology through inquiry-based investigations by exploring topics in the following areas:
- Evolution Drives the Diversity and Unity of Life
- Water Potential
- Cell Structure
- Cellular Respiration
- Pigments and Photosynthesis
- The Cell Cycle
- Mitosis and Meiosis
- History of Genetics
- Human Genetics
- Chromosomal Alterations
- DNA and Genes
- Viruses and Bacteria
- Classifications
- Animalia
- Ecosystems, Population Growth, and Interaction
This course was developed by the International Academy of Science.
Learn More
Scope and Sequence
Unit 1 - Evolution Drives the Diversity and Unity of Life In this unit, students are introduced to the AP Biology Course. They discuss the nature of science, evidence for evolution, and natural selection -- descent with modification. They also discuss the Hardy - Weinberg Theorem, as well as Hardy - Weinberg Equilibrium. They learn about biological evolution, phylogeny (evolutionary history), and the modern synthesis theory of evolution. Unit 2 - Water Potential In this unit students learn about abiogenesis, properties of water, organic molecules, and the origin of cells. They study endosymbiosis, characteristics of life, cell membranes and structure, selective permeability, diffusion and cell size, and water potential and the concentration gradient. The lab for this unit is on water potential. Unit 3 - Cell Structure In this unit students learn about basic cell structure. They explore prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria and chloroplasts, cytoskeleton, and metabolism. Students also gain understanding of enzyme structure and function, denaturation, enzyme catalyzed EA, and enzyme kinetics. The labs in this unit are on calorimetry and fingertipase-enzyme catalysis. Unit 4 - Cellular Respiration In this unit students gain understanding of respiration. They begin with an overview of photosynthesis, and continue with glycolysis, anaerobic respiration, and redox reactions. They study an overview of aerobic respiration, and go on to explore glycolysis in depth, as well as the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. The lab demo in this unit is on cellular respiration. Unit 5 - Pigments and Photosynthesis In this unit students begin with an overview of photosynthesis, and go on to study plant pigments. The lab demo in this unit is on plant pigments and photosynthesis. Students explore light reactions, photosystems, photophosphorylation, and carbon fixation (or calvin cycle). They put these concepts together to understand the photosynthesis and respiration system, then study feedback mechanisms and cell communication. Unit 6 - The Cell Cycle In this unit students study the cell cycle. They consider why cells divide and learn about the origin of the cell cycle, chromosome structure, and phases of the cycle. Three parts of a five-part lab on cell division are presented in this unit. Students go on to investigate variances in the cell cycle, control of the cell cycle, and an uncontrolled cell cycle. Unit 7 - Mitosis and Meiosis In this unit students study the two types of cell reproduction, mitosis and meiosis. They have an overview of meiosis and learn about the phases of meiosis, as well as meiosis and genetic variation, and meiosis and gamete formation. The last two parts of the lab on cell division are presented in this unit. Unit 8 - History of Genetics In this unit students are first introduced to the history of genetics, and then go on to study the Mendelian theory of inheritance, including a demonstration. They learn about the Punnett square, including monohybrid and dihybrid crosses. They explore the law of probability and practice with probability. Unit 9 - Human Genetics In this unit students learn the exceptions to Mendel's rules. They study human genetics and learn about and practice pedigrees, and learn about karyotypes in human genetics, and practice with karyotypes. Unit 10 - Chromosomal Alterations In this unit students learn about diagramming nondisjunction and about the chromosomal theory of inheritance. This unit includes three labs on genetics, and students explore gene mapping, mutations, and more chromosomal alterations. Unit 11 - DNA In this unit, students learn about DNA. They discuss the race for the double helix, the structure of DNA, DNA replication, and priming DNA replication. They explore the central dogma of biology, and study how scientists are cracking the genetic code. Unit 12 - Genes In this unit, students study genes. They learn how information is transferred from nucleus to cytoplasm. They come to understand tRNA and rRNA, gene anatomy, the steps of transcription, RNA processing, the steps of translation, operons - gene expression in prokaryotes, control of gene expression in eukaryotes, and biotechnology. The lab in this unit is on biotechnology. Unit 13 - Viruses and Bacteria In this unit, students study viruses and bacteria. They learn about biodiversity, and the taxonomy of biodiversity. They discuss the classification, evolution, and genetics of viruses and of bacteria. The lab in this unit is on bacterial transformation. Unit 14 - Classifications In this unit students investigate the classification of protista, fungi, and plantae. They learn about the anatomy of a plant and plant responses to stimuli. The lab in this unit is on transpiration. Unit 15 - Animalia In this unit students explore the kingdom of Animalia. They learn about classification, divisions, and development of Animalia. They study the nervous system, the immune system, and the endocrine system. They investigate animal response to stimuli and learned behaviors. The lab in this unit is on fruit fly behavior. Unit 16 - Ecosystems In this unit students study ecosystems. They learn about biological hierarchy, abiotic and biotic factors, and energy flow in ecosystems. Three labs in this unit are on energy dynamics, including two alternatives. Students explore biogeochemical cycles, earth's terrestrial biomes, earth's aquatic biomes, and ecological succession. Unit 17 - Population Growth and Interaction In this unit students study population growth and interaction. They learn about species interaction. They explore population dynamics, and they discuss growth strategies.#header {padding-top:15px;} #wrap h5 { font-family: Open Sans !important;} #wrap #header #nav > li > a { color:;} #wrap #header #nav > li > a:hover,.transparent-header-w.t-dark-w #header.horizontal-w.duplex-hd #wrap #header #nav > li:hover > a, .transparent-header-w #header.horizontal-w #wrap #header #nav > li:hover > a {color:;} #wrap #header #nav > li.current > a, #wrapv #header #nav li.current ul li a:hover, #wrap #header #nav > li.active > a {color:;} #wrap #scroll-top a {background-color:;} #wrap #scroll-top a:hover {background-color:;} #wrap.colorskin-custom .course-content .products li a.add_to_cart_button,.colorskin-custom .llms-notice a,.colorskin-custom .llms-checkout-section a,#wrap.colorskin-custom .wn-course-progress a:hover,.colorskin-custom .llms-access-plan-footer .llms-button-action.button,.colorskin-custom .llms-access-plan-restrictions ul li a,.colorskin-custom .w-single-event-phone:before,.colorskin-custom .courses-grid article .mc-content h5 a:hover,.colorskin-custom .courses-grid article .mc-price,.colorskin-custom .testimonials-slider-w.ts-penta .testimonial-content h4 q:before,.colorskin-custom .icon-box10:hover h4,.colorskin-custom .icon-box9 h4,.colorskin-custom .icon-box8 i,.colorskin-custom ul.check2 li:before,.colorskin-custom li.check2:before,.colorskin-custom .cer-online2 .student-name,#wrap.colorskin-custom ul.check li:before, #wrap.colorskin-custom li.check:before,.transparent-header-w.t-dark-w .colorskin-custom #header.horizontal-w #nav>li:hover>a,.transparent-header-w.t-dark-w .colorskin-custom #header.horizontal-w #nav>li.current>a,.colorskin-custom .widget.buddypress div.item-options a ,.colorskin-custom #buddypress a,.colorskin-custom #buddypress a:visited,.colorskin-custom span.bbp-breadcrumb-sep , .colorskin-custom .bbp-body a,.colorskin-custom .bbp-body a:visited , .colorskin-custom .bbp-single-topic-meta a , .colorskin-custom .blog-post a:hover,.colorskin-custom .blog-author span,.colorskin-custom .blog-line p a:hover , .colorskin-custom h6.blog-date a:hover,.colorskin-custom h6.blog-cat a:hover,.colorskin-custom h6.blog-author a:hover , .colorskin-custom .blog-line:hover h4 a , .colorskin-custom a.readmore , .colorskin-custom #commentform input[type="submit"] , .colorskin-custom .blgtyp1 .au-avatar-box h6:after , .colorskin-custom .w-next-article:hover a:before,.colorskin-custom .w-prev-article:hover a:before,.colorskin-custom .w-next-article a:after,.colorskin-custom .w-prev-article a:after , .colorskin-custom .w-next-article:hover a, .w-prev-article:hover a , .colorskin-custom .single-event .event-tag, .colorskin-custom .date-box:hover h3 , .colorskin-custom .faq-toggle .acc-trigger a:before , .colorskin-custom .button.bordered-bot.theme-skin , .colorskin-custom .button.bordered-bot.gold , .colorskin-custom .w-table a:hover , .colorskin-custom .courses-grid article .mc-content h6 a:hover , .colorskin-custom .modern-cat:hover a, .modern-cat:hover i , .colorskin-custom .modern-grid .llms-title a:hover , .colorskin-custom .modern-grid .llms-price-wrapper .llms-price , .colorskin-custom .course-list-content h5 a:hover , .colorskin-custom .w-course-list .course-list-price , .colorskin-custom .w-course-list .course-list-meta i , #wrap.colorskin-custom .um-icon-android-checkbox-outline , #wrap.colorskin-custom .wpb_accordion .wpb_accordion_wrapper .ui-state-active a, #wrap.colorskin-custom .wpb_accordion .wpb_accordion_wrapper .wpb_accordion_header a:hover , .colorskin-custom .testimonials-slider-w.ts-hexa .testimonial-content h4 q:before ,.colorskin-custom .testimonials-slider-w.ts-hexa .testimonial-content h4 q:after, #wrap.colorskin-custom .testimonials-slider-w.ts-hexa .w-crsl .owl-buttons div:after , #wrap.colorskin-custom .crsl .owl-buttons .owl-prev , #wrap.colorskin-custom .crsl .owl-buttons .owl-next , .colorskin-custom .contact-info i , .colorskin-custom ul.check li:before, li.check:before , .colorskin-custom .acc-trigger a:hover,.colorskin-custom .acc-trigger.active a,.colorskin-custom .acc-trigger.active a:hover , .colorskin-custom .w-pricing-table1 .plan-title , .colorskin-custom .w-pricing-table2 .plan-price , .colorskin-custom .w-pricing-table2 .price-footer a.readmore , .colorskin-custom .events-clean .event-article:hover .event-title , .colorskin-custom .events-minimal .event-date , .colorskin-custom .events-minimal a.magicmore:hover , .colorskin-custom .a-course h4 a:hover , .colorskin-custom .teaser-box2 .teaser-subtitle , .colorskin-custom .teaser-box7:hover h4 , .colorskin-custom .latestnews2 .ln-item .ln-content .ln-button:hover , .colorskin-custom .latestposts-one .latest-title a:hover , .colorskin-custom .latestposts-two .blog-line p.blog-cat a , .colorskin-custom .latestposts-two .blog-line:hover h4 a , .colorskin-custom .latestposts-three h3.latest-b2-title a:hover , .colorskin-custom .latestposts-three h6.latest-b2-cat a, .latestposts-three .latest-b2-metad2 span a:hover, .colorskin-custom .latestposts-six .latest-title a:hover , .colorskin-custom .latestposts-six .latest-author a:hover , .colorskin-custom .latestposts-seven .wrap-date-icons h3.latest-date , .colorskin-custom .latestposts-seven .latest-content .latest-title a:hover , .colorskin-custom .latestposts-seven .latest-content .latest-author a , .colorskin-custom .latestposts-seven .latest-content .latest-cat a:hover , .colorskin-custom .tribe-events-list-separator-month span , .colorskin-custom .tribe-events-list .type-tribe_events h2 a:hover , .single-tribe_events .colorskin-custom .w-event-meta dd a:hover , #wrap.colorskin-custom #tribe-events .tribe-events-button , .single-tribe_events .colorskin-custom .w-single-event-organizer i,.single-tribe_events .colorskin-custom .w-tribe-events-meta-date i, .colorskin-custom .w-single-event-date:before,.colorskin-custom .w-single-event-time:before,.colorskin-custom .w-single-event-location:before,.colorskin-custom .w-single-event-category:before,.colorskin-custom .w-tribe-event-cost:before,.colorskin-custom .w-tribe-event-website:before, .colorskin-custom .tribe-events-list-separator-month span , .colorskin-custom #tribe-events-content-wrapper .tribe-events-sub-nav a , .colorskin-custom .events-grid .event-article .event-title:hover , .colorskin-custom .events-grid2 .event-article .event-title:hover , .colorskin-custom .goals .goal-content .goal-title:hover , .colorskin-custom .goals .goal-content .donate-button , .colorskin-custom .goals .goal-progress .vc_pie_chart_value, .colorskin-custom .blox .widget_search input[type="submit"]#searchsubmit.btn, .max-hero .widget_search input[type="submit"]#searchsubmit.btn , .colorskin-custom .course-main .w-category a ,.colorskin-custom .course-main .course-postmeta span, #wrap.colorskin-custom .course-content .llms-button , .colorskin-custom .course-content .container .llms-message a , .colorskin-custom .button#llms_review_submit_button , .colorskin-custom .llms-lesson-preview.is-complete .llms-lesson-link,.colorskin-custom .llms-lesson-preview .llms-lesson-link.free , .colorskin-custom .w-course-price , .colorskin-custom .llms-lesson-preview .llms-lesson-link:hover .lesson-tip:hover i:before, .colorskin-custom .llms-parent-course-link a , .colorskin-custom .blgt1-top-sec a:hover , .colorskin-custom .llms-lesson-preview.prev-lesson.previous:hover h5,.colorskin-custom .llms-lesson-preview.prev-lesson.previous span,.colorskin-custom .llms-lesson-preview.next-lesson.next:hover h5,.colorskin-custom .llms-lesson-preview.next-lesson.next span , .colorskin-custom .llms-lesson-preview.prev-lesson.previous:hover a:before,.colorskin-custom .llms-lesson-preview.prev-lesson.previous a:after,.colorskin-custom .llms-lesson-preview.next-lesson.next:hover a:before,.colorskin-custom .llms-lesson-preview.next-lesson.next a:after , .colorskin-custom .llms-lesson-preview .llms-widget-syllabus .done.llms-free-lesson-svg,.colorskin-custom .llms-widget-syllabus .lesson-complete-placeholder.done,.colorskin-custom .llms-widget-syllabus .llms-lesson-complete.done,.colorskin-custom .llms-widget-syllabus .llms-lesson-preview .done.llms-free-lesson-svg , .colorskin-custom .llms-quiz-result-details ul li a , .colorskin-custom .llms-template-wrapper h4 span , .colorskin-custom .questions-total , .colorskin-custom .llms-checkout-wrapper .llms-checkout .llms-title-wrapper h4 a, #wrap.colorskin-custom .author-carousel .owl-buttons div:hover,.colorskin-custom .author-carousel .owl-buttons div:active, .colorskin-custom .filter-category-dropdown.nice-select:after , #wrap.colorskin-custom .filter-category .course-category.active ul li.active a,#wrap.colorskin-custom .filter-category .course-category.active ul li.active > a i,#wrap.colorskin-custom .filter-category .course-category.active ul li.active a span , .colorskin-custom a.btn.btn-default.btn-sm.active,.colorskin-custom a.btn.btn-default.btn-sm.active:hover , .colorskin-custom .footer-contact-info i , #wrap.colorskin-custom .enrolment-wrap .enrolment-item:nth-of-type(odd) h4:after, #wrap.colorskin-custom .enrolment-wrap .enrolment-item:nth-of-type(even) h4:after, .colorskin-custom .enrolment-wrap .enrolment-item:hover span , #wrap.colorskin-custom .answer-questions.about-us input[type="submit"]:hover , #wrap.colorskin-custom .wpcf7 .instructor p:hover:before , .colorskin-custom .contac-info a , .colorskin-custom .switch-field input:checked+label , .colorskin-custom .course-sorting-wrap .nice-select:after , .colorskin-custom .blox.dark .icon-box2 i , .colorskin-custom .blox.dark .icon-box2:hover h4 , .colorskin-custom .icon-box4 i , .colorskin-custom .icon-box4:hover i , .colorskin-custom .icon-box7 , .colorskin-custom .icon-box7 i , .colorskin-custom .icon-box7 a.magicmore:hover , .colorskin-custom .icon-box8 a.magicmore , .colorskin-custom .icon-box9:hover a.magicmore , .colorskin-custom .icon-box11 i , .colorskin-custom .icon-box11 .magicmore , .colorskin-custom .icon-box12 i , .colorskin-custom .blox.dark .icon-box13:hover i , .colorskin-custom .icon-box14 i , .colorskin-custom .icon-box14 p strong , .colorskin-custom .icon-box15 i , .colorskin-custom .icon-box16 i,.colorskin-custom .icon-box16 img , .colorskin-custom .icon-box20 i , .colorskin-custom.dark-submenu #nav ul li a:hover , .colorskin-custom.dark-submenu #nav ul li.current a , #wrap.colorskin-custom.dark-submenu #nav ul li ul li.current a , #wrap.colorskin-custom.dark-submenu #nav ul li ul li:hover a , .colorskin-custom #header-b .course-category-box2:hover a span , .transparent-header-w .colorskin-custom #header.horizontal-w #nav > li:hover > a, .transparent-header-w .colorskin-custom #header.horizontal-w #nav > li.current > a , .colorskin-custom .footer-in h5.subtitle,.colorskin-custom .toggle-top-area h5.subtitle , .colorskin-custom .breadcrumbs-w i , .colorskin-custom.online-t .top-bar .inlinelb.topbar-contact:hover , .colorskin-custom.online-t #footer .widget ul li:before , .colorskin-custom.online-t #footer .widget ul li a:hover , .colorskin-custom.online-t #footer .widget-subscribe-form input[type="text"] , .colorskin-custom.online-t #footer .widget-subscribe-form button , .colorskin-custom.online-t #footer .widget-subscribe-form button:before , .colorskin-custom.online-t #tribe-events-content-wrapper .tribe-events-calendar div[id*=tribe-events-daynum-] , .colorskin-custom .widget ul li.cat-item:hover a , .colorskin-custom .widget ul li.cat-item a:before , .colorskin-custom .widget ul .recentcomments:hover:before , .colorskin-custom .widget-tabs .tabs li.active a , #wrap.colorskin-custom .review-result-wrapper .review-result i , .colorskin-custom .course-search-form .nice-select:after , .colorskin-custom .widget .course-categories li a i , .colorskin-custom .widget .course-categories li a:hover,.colorskin-custom .widget .course-categories li a:hover span , #wrap.colorskin-custom .w-crsl .owl-buttons div:hover,.colorskin-custom .our-clients-wrap.w-crsl .owl-buttons div:active, #wrap.colorskin-custom .widget .owl-buttons div:after , .colorskin-custom .llms-widget-syllabus .lesson-title.active a , .colorskin-custom .llms-widget-syllabus .lesson-title.done:before , .colorskin-custom .widget.buddypress div.item-options a , .woocommerce .colorskin-custom div.product .woocommerce-tabs ul.tabs li.active , .woocommerce .colorskin-custom ul.products li.product .price , .woocommerce .colorskin-custom div.product form.cart button.single_add_to_cart_button:hover , .woocommerce .colorskin-custom .star-rating span:before , .woocommerce .colorskin-custom .myaccount_user a,.woocommerce .colorskin-custom .col-1.address .title a , .colorskin-custom .pin-box h4 a:hover,.colorskin-custom .tline-box h4 a:hover , .colorskin-custom .pin-ecxt h6.blog-cat a:hover , .colorskin-custom .pin-ecxt2 p a:hover , .colorskin-custom .blog-single-post .postmetadata h6.blog-cat a:hover , .colorskin-custom h6.blog-cat a , .colorskin-custom .blgtyp3.blog-post h6 a, .blgtyp1.blog-post h6 a, .blgtyp2.blog-post h6 a, .blog-single-post .postmetadata h6 a, .blog-single-post h6.blog-author a , .colorskin-custom .blgtyp3.blog-post h6 a:hover,.colorskin-custom .blgtyp1.blog-post h6 a:hover,.colorskin-custom .blgtyp2.blog-post h6 a:hover,.colorskin-custom .blog-single-post .postmetadata h6 a:hover,.colorskin-custom .blog-single-post h6.blog-author a:hover , .colorskin-custom .blog-post p.blog-cat a,.colorskin-custom .blog-line p.blog-cat a , .colorskin-custom .about-author-sec h3 a:hover , .colorskin-custom .blog-line:hover .img-hover:before , .colorskin-custom .rec-post h5 a:hover , .colorskin-custom .rec-post p a:hover , .colorskin-custom a.magicmore , .colorskin-custom .rec-post h5 a:hover , .colorskin-custom .blgtyp3.blog-post h6 a,.colorskin-custom .blgtyp1.blog-post h6 a,.colorskin-custom .blgtyp2.blog-post h6 a,.colorskin-custom .blog-single-post .postmetadata h6 a,.colorskin-custom .blog-single-post h6.blog-author a ,.colorskin-custom .blgtyp1.blog-post h6.blog-comments a , .colorskin-custom .blgtyp3.blog-post h6 a:hover,.colorskin-custom .blgtyp1.blog-post h6 a:hover,.colorskin-custom .blgtyp2.blog-post h6 a:hover,.colorskin-custom .blog-single-post .postmetadata h6 a:hover,.colorskin-custom .blog-single-post h6.blog-author a:hover ,.colorskin-custom .blgtyp1.blog-post h6.blog-comments a:hover , #wrap.colorskin-custom .colorf, #wrap.colorskin-custom .hcolorf:hover , .colorskin-custom .faq-minimal a:hover h4 , .colorskin-custom .faq-minimal .faq-icon , .colorskin-custom .circle-box p strong, #wrap.colorskin-custom .wpb_accordion .wpb_accordion_wrapper .ui-state-active .ui-icon:before , .colorskin-custom .our-team h5 , .colorskin-custom .testimonials-slider-w .testimonial-brand h5 , #wrap.colorskin-custom .vc_carousel.vc_carousel_horizontal.hero-carousel h2.post-title a:hover , #wrap.colorskin-custom .wpb_gallery_slides .flex-caption h2.post-title a:hover , .colorskin-custom .events-clean2 .event-article:hover .event-title , .colorskin-custom #tribe-events-content .tribe-events-tooltip h4,.colorskin-custom #tribe_events_filters_wrapper .tribe_events_slider_val, .single-tribe_events .colorskin-custom a.tribe-events-gcal, .single-tribe_events .colorskin-custom a.tribe-events-ical , #wrap.colorskin-custom .hebe .tp-tab-title , .colorskin-custom .latestposts-one .latest-author a:hover , .latestposts-two .blog-post p.blog-author a:hover , .colorskin-custom .latestposts-two .blog-line:hover .img-hover:before , .colorskin-custom .latestposts-four h3.latest-b2-title a:hover , .colorskin-custom .latestposts-five h6.latest-b2-cat a , .colorskin-custom .latestposts-six .latest-content p.latest-date , .colorskin-custom .a-post-box .latest-title a:hover , .colorskin-custom .tribe-events-list .tribe-events-read-more , .colorskin-custom .tribe-events-list .type-tribe_events h2 a:hover , .colorskin-custom .goal-box .goal-sharing .goal-sharing-icon , .colorskin-custom .goal-box .goal-sharing .goal-social a:hover , .colorskin-custom .button.llms-next-lesson , .colorskin-custom .w-llms-my-certificates h3 i,.colorskin-custom .w-llms-my-achievements h3 i,.colorskin-custom .w-llms-my-courses h3 i,.colorskin-custom .w-llms-my-memberships h3 i , .colorskin-custom .w-contact-sidebar .icon-box i , .colorskin-custom .icon-box1 a.magicmore , .colorskin-custom #nav a:hover,.colorskin-custom #nav li:hover > a , .colorskin-custom #nav > li.current > a,.colorskin-custom #nav > li > a.active , .colorskin-custom #header.sticky #nav-wrap #nav #nav > li:hover > a , .colorskin-custom.dark-submenu #nav li.mega ul.sub-posts li a:hover , .colorskin-custom .nav-wrap2 #nav > li:hover > a, .top-links #nav > li:hover > a , .colorskin-custom .nav-wrap2.darknavi #nav > li > a:hover,.colorskin-custom .nav-wrap2.darknavi #nav > li:hover > a , .colorskin-custom .nav-wrap2 #nav > li.current > a , .colorskin-custom #header.sticky .nav-wrap2.darknavi #nav > li > a:hover , .w-header-type-12 .colorskin-custom #nav > li:hover > a , .colorskin-custom #header.horizontal-w.w-header-type-10 #nav > li:hover > a,.transparent-header-w .colorskin-custom #header.horizontal-w.w-header-type-10 #nav > li.current > a,.colorskin-custom #header.horizontal-w.w-header-type-10 #nav > li.current > a , .colorskin-custom .header-bottom #header-b li:hover a i , .colorskin-custom #header-b li.mega ul[class^="sub-"] ul li:hover a, .colorskin-custom #nav > li:hover > a,.colorskin-custom #nav li.current > a,.colorskin-custom #nav li.active > a, .colorskin-custom #header.res-menu #menu-icon:hover i,.colorskin-custom #header.res-menu #menu-icon.active i , .transparent-header-w .colorskin-custom #header.horizontal-w.duplex-hd #nav > li:hover > a, .transparent-header-w .colorskin-custom #header.horizontal-w.duplex-hd #nav > li.current > a , .colorskin-custom .top-links a:hover , .colorskin-custom .top-bar h6 i , .colorskin-custom .online-learning-contact .row:hover .icon , .colorskin-custom .online-t-contact .row:hover .icon , .colorskin-custom.online-t #tribe-events-content .tribe-events-tooltip h4,.colorskin-custom.online-t #tribe_events_filters_wrapper .tribe_events_slider_val, .single-tribe_events .colorskin-custom.online-t a.tribe-events-gcal, .single-tribe_events .colorskin-custom.online-t a.tribe-events-ical , .colorskin-custom .toggle-top-area .widget ul li a:hover ,.colorskin-custom #footer .widget ul li a:hover , .woocommerce .colorskin-custom nav.woocommerce-pagination ul li a , .woocommerce .colorskin-custom ul.products li.product:hover a.add_to_cart_button:hover , .woocommerce .colorskin-custom ul.cart_list li a:hover,.woocommerce .colorskin-custom ul.product_list_widget li a:hover { color: #2d5c88} #wrap.colorskin-custom .course-content .products:hover li .product-inner h3,.colorskin-custom .llms-checkout-wrapper .llms-form-heading,.colorskin-custom .llms-button-action,#wrap.colorskin-custom .wn-course-progress a,#wrap.colorskin-custom .llms-access-plan:hover .llms-access-plan-title,.colorskin-custom .llms-access-plan:hover .llms-access-plan-footer .llms-button-action.button,.colorskin-custom .wn-button.llms-button-primary,.woocommerce .colorskin-custom .button,.colorskin-custom .flip-clock-wrapper ul li a div div.inn,.colorskin-custom #header .woo-cart-header .header-cart span,.colorskin-custom .llms-purchase-link-wrapper .llms-button,.colorskin-custom #header.res-menu #menu-icon span.mn-ext1,.colorskin-custom #header.res-menu #menu-icon span.mn-ext2,.colorskin-custom .w-pricing-table3.featured .ptcontent > span,.colorskin-custom .icon-box10:hover i,.colorskin-custom .icon-box9:hover i,.colorskin-custom .subscribe-flat .subscribe-box-input .subscribe-box-submit,.colorskin-custom .max-hero h5:before,.colorskin-custom .teaser-box4 .teaser-title,.colorskin-custom .teaser-box4 .teaser-subtitle ,.colorskin-custom .wpcf7 .wpcf7-form input[type="submit"],.colorskin-custom .wpcf7 .wpcf7-form input[type="reset"],.colorskin-custom .wpcf7 .wpcf7-form input[type="button"],#wrap.colorskin-custom.school-t .top-bar,.colorskin-custom #buddypress .comment-reply-link,.colorskin-custom #buddypress .generic-button a,.colorskin-custom #buddypress a.button,.colorskin-custom #buddypress button,.colorskin-custom #buddypress input[type=button],.colorskin-custom #buddypress input[type=reset],.colorskin-custom #buddypress input[type=submit],.colorskin-custom #buddypress ul.button-nav li a,.colorskin-custom a.bp-title-button,.colorskin-custom a.readmore:after , .colorskin-custom h4.comments-title:after , #wrap.colorskin-custom #commentform input[type="submit"]:hover , .colorskin-custom .commentbox h3:after , .colorskin-custom .post-format-icon , .colorskin-custom .date-box .ln-date .ln-month , .colorskin-custom .button.theme-skin , .colorskin-custom .button.bordered-bot.theme-skin:hover , .colorskin-custom .button.bordered-bot.gold:hover , .colorskin-custom .esg-filter-wrapper span:hover , .colorskin-custom .esg-navigationbutton.esg-filterbutton.esg-pagination-button.selected , .colorskin-custom .esg-navigationbutton.esg-filterbutton.esg-pagination-button:hover, .colorskin-custom .w-table th , .colorskin-custom .wsingleblog-post .postmetadata .blog-cat a:hover , #wrap.colorskin-custom .um-button , .colorskin-custom .sub-title:after , .colorskin-custom #social-media.active.other-social , #wrap.colorskin-custom .ts-tri.testimonials-slider-w .w-crsl .owl-buttons div:hover:after , #wrap.colorskin-custom .testimonials-slider-w.ts-deca .owl-theme .owl-controls .owl-page.active span , #wrap.colorskin-custom #w-h-carusel.w-crsl .owl-buttons div:hover:after , .colorskin-custom .w-callout , .colorskin-custom .callout a.callurl , .colorskin-custom .w-pricing-table1 .price-footer a:hover , .colorskin-custom .w-pricing-table2 .price-footer a.readmore:after , .colorskin-custom .w-pricing-table2:hover.w-pricing-table2 .price-header h5 , .colorskin-custom .w-pricing-table2.featured .price-header h5 , .colorskin-custom .subscribe-bar1 .subscribe-box-input .subscribe-box-submit , .colorskin-custom #tribe-events-content-wrapper .tribe-events-calendar td:hover , .colorskin-custom .countdown-w.ctd-simple .block-w , .colorskin-custom .countdown-w.ctd-modern .block-w .icon-w , .colorskin-custom .tribe-events-list .booking-button , .colorskin-custom .tribe-events-list .event-sharing > li:hover , .colorskin-custom .tribe-events-list .event-sharing .event-share:hover .event-sharing-icon , .colorskin-custom .tribe-events-list .event-sharing .event-social li a , .colorskin-custom #tribe-events-pg-template .tribe-events-button , .single-tribe_events .colorskin-custom .booking-button , #wrap.colorskin-custom #tribe-events .tribe-events-button:hover , .colorskin-custom .tribe-events-list .event-sharing .event-share:hover .event-sharing-icon,.colorskin-custom .tribe-events-list .event-sharing .event-social li a,.colorskin-custom .tribe-events-list .event-sharing > li:hover , .colorskin-custom .events-grid2 .event-grid-head , #wrap.colorskin-custom .course-content .llms-button:hover , .colorskin-custom .course-content .course-titles:after , .colorskin-custom .course-content #old_reviews h3:after , .colorskin-custom .button#llms_review_submit_button:hover , .colorskin-custom .instructor-box h5 , #wrap.colorskin-custom .llms-lesson-complete-placeholder.free i , #wrap.colorskin-custom .llms-lesson-button-wrapper .button ,#wrap.colorskin-custom .llms-lesson-button-wrapper .llms-button-action, .colorskin-custom .llms-parent-course-link a:hover , .colorskin-custom .llms-quiz-results h3:after ,.colorskin-custom .quiz-description h4:after, .colorskin-custom #llms_start_quiz, .colorskin-custom #llms_answer_question,.colorskin-custom #llms_prev_question , #wrap.colorskin-custom .llms-clear-box.llms-center-content .llms-button , .single-llms_membership #wrap.colorskin-custom .llms-purchase-link-wrapper a.llms-button , .colorskin-custom .author-courses .course-title:after,.colorskin-custom .author .post-title:after , .colorskin-custom .filter-category h3:after , .colorskin-custom .filter-category .course-category.active , .colorskin-custom .llms-pagination ul li .page-numbers:hover , .colorskin-custom .enrolment-wrap .enrolment-item h4 , .colorskin-custom .enrolment-wrap .enrolment-item span , #wrap.colorskin-custom .enrolment-wrap .enrolment-item:hover p , .colorskin-custom .events-grid3 .event-grid3-header , .colorskin-custom .events-grid3 .event-grid-head , .colorskin-custom .events-grid3 .event-grid3-footer .event-sharing > li:hover , .colorskin-custom .events-grid3 .event-grid3-footer .event-sharing .event-social li a , #wrap.colorskin-custom .events-grid3 .event-grid3-footer .booking-button:hover , .colorskin-custom .events-grid3 .event-grid3-footer .booking-button:hover , .colorskin-custom .advancedlist > span , .colorskin-custom .our-curriculum .our-curriculum-content-wrap , .colorskin-custom .our-curriculum .our-curriculum-header , .colorskin-custom .icon-box6 i , .colorskin-custom .icon-box11 i:after , .colorskin-custom .icon-box14:hover i , .colorskin-custom .icon-box15:hover i , .colorskin-custom .icon-box21 .iconbox-rightsection .magicmore , .colorskin-custom .header-bottom #searchsubmit , .colorskin-custom #pre-footer .footer-social-items a:hover i, .colorskin-custom #pre-footer .footer-subscribe-submit, .w-modal .colorskin-custom .wpcf7 .wpcf7-form input[type="submit"],.w-modal .colorskin-custom .wpcf7 .wpcf7-form input[type="reset"],.w-modal .colorskin-custom .wpcf7 .wpcf7-form input[type="button"],#w-login #wp-submit, .colorskin-custom .wpcf7 .wpcf7-form .online-learning-contact input[type="submit"] , .colorskin-custom.online-t .footer-in h5.subtitle:after , .colorskin-custom.online-t #tribe-events-content-wrapper .tribe-events-calendar td:hover , .colorskin-custom.online-t .tribe-events-thismonth.tribe-events-future.tribe-events-has-events.mobile-trigger.tribe-events-right:hover,#wrap.colorskin-custom.online-t .tribe-events-thismonth.tribe-events-future.tribe-events-has-events.mobile-trigger.tribe-events-right:hover div[id*=tribe-events-daynum-],.colorskin-custom.online-t .tribe-events-thismonth.tribe-events-present.tribe-events-has-events.mobile-trigger:hover, .colorskin-custom.online-t .tribe-events-thismonth.tribe-events-present.tribe-events-has-events.mobile-trigger:hover div[id*=tribe-events-daynum-] , .colorskin-custom.school-t #footer .widget_nav_menu ul li:hover , .colorskin-custom .sidebar .widget h1:after,.colorskin-custom .sidebar .widget h4:after , .colorskin-custom #footer .tagcloud a:hover,.colorskin-custom .toggle-top-area .tagcloud a:hover , .colorskin-custom .widget-subscribe-form button , #wrap.colorskin-custom #footer .widget .owl-buttons div:after , .colorskin-custom .llms-widget-syllabus .lesson-title.active:before , .colorskin-custom .widget.widget_display_search #bbp_search_submit , .woocommerce .colorskin-custom a.button.alt,.woocommerce .colorskin-custom button.button.alt,.woocommerce .colorskin-custom input.button.alt,.woocommerce .colorskin-custom #respond input#submit.alt , .woocommerce .colorskin-custom .widget_price_filter .ui-slider .ui-slider-handle , .colorskin-custom .a-course .media-links , .colorskin-custom #tribe-events-content-wrapper .tribe-events-sub-nav a:hover , #wrap.colorskin-custom #tribe-events-content-wrapper #tribe-bar-form .tribe-events-button , .colorskin-custom .events-grid .event-detail , .colorskin-custom .goals .goal-content .donate-button:hover , .colorskin-custom .goals.goals-list .goal-content .goal-sharing a , .colorskin-custom .goal-box .donate-button , .colorskin-custom .blox .widget_search input[type="submit"]#searchsubmit.btn,.colorskin-custom .max-hero .widget_search input[type="submit"]#searchsubmit.btn , .colorskin-custom #menu-icon:hover,.colorskin-custom #menu-icon.active , .colorskin-custom .top-bar .topbar-login , .colorskin-custom #scroll-top a:hover , .colorskin-custom.online-t .top-bar .inlinelb.topbar-contact , .colorskin-custom .modal-title , .colorskin-custom.online-t #tribe-events-content-wrapper .tribe-events-calendar td:hover div[id*=tribe-events-daynum-] , .colorskin-custom.school-t .wuser-menu .wuser-smenu , .single .colorskin-custom .woo-template span.onsale, .woocommerce .colorskin-custom ul.products li.product .onsale , .woocommerce .colorskin-custom .button , .colorskin-custom .widget_shopping_cart_content p.buttons a.button , #wrap.colorskin-custom .blog-social a:hover , .colorskin-custom .commentlist li .comment-text .reply a:hover , #wrap.colorskin-custom .colorb, #wrap.colorskin-custom .hcolorb:hover , .colorskin-custom .latestposts-one .latest-b-cat:hover , .colorskin-custom .latestposts-seven .latest-img:hover img , #wrap.colorskin-custom .colorb, #wrap.colorskin-custom .hcolorb:hover , .colorskin-custom .latestposts-one .latest-b-cat:hover , .colorskin-custom .latestposts-seven .latest-img:hover img , .colorskin-custom .woocommerce-message a.button, .colorskin-custom .pin-ecxt2 .col1-3 span,.colorskin-custom .comments-number-x span , .colorskin-custom #tline-content:before , .colorskin-custom .tline-row-l:after,.colorskin-custom .tline-row-r:before , .colorskin-custom .tline-topdate , .colorskin-custom .port-tline-dt h3 , .colorskin-custom .postmetadata h6.blog-views span , #wrap.colorskin-custom .w-contact-p input[type="submit"]:hover , .colorskin-custom p.welcomebox:after , #wrap.colorskin-custom .ts-hepta.testimonials-slider-w .owl-theme .owl-controls .owl-page.active span , #wrap.colorskin-custom .vc_carousel.vc_carousel_horizontal.hero-carousel .hero-carousel-wrap .hero-metadata .category a , .colorskin-custom .our-process-item i:after , .colorskin-custom .events-clean2 .event-article:hover .event-date, #wrap.colorskin-custom .ls-slider1-a , .colorskin-custom .latestposts-four .latest-b2 h6.latest-b2-cat , .colorskin-custom .a-post-box .latest-cat , .colorskin-custom .llms-lesson-preview .llms-lesson-complete, .colorskin-custom .llms-button-wrapper .button.llms-next-lesson:hover , .colorskin-custom .llms-question-label input[type="radio"]:checked:before,.colorskin-custom .llms-question-label input[type="radio"]:hover:before , .colorskin-custom #header.res-menu #menu-icon span.mn-ext3 , .colorskin-custom .footer-in .tribe-events-widget-link a:hover,.colorskin-custom .footer-in .contact-inf button:hover , #wrap.colorskin-custom .socialfollow a:hover , #wrap.colorskin-custom .wp-pagenavi a:hover , .colorskin-custom .side-list li:hover img , .colorskin-custom .subscribe-bar1 .subscribe-box-input .subscribe-box-submit { background-color: #2d5c88} #wrap.colorskin-custom .course-content .products li a.add_to_cart_button,#wrap.colorskin-custom .course-content .products:hover,.colorskin-custom .llms-notice,.colorskin-custom .llms-checkout-section,#wrap.colorskin-custom .wn-course-progress a,#wrap.colorskin-custom .wn-course-progress a:hover,.colorskin-custom .llms-access-plan:hover .llms-access-plan-content,.colorskin-custom .llms-access-plan:hover .llms-access-plan-footer,.colorskin-custom .llms-access-plan-footer .llms-button-action.button,.colorskin-custom .widget-title:after,.colorskin-custom .widget-title:after,.colorskin-custom #header.w-header-type-10,.colorskin-custom .icon-box13, .transparent-header-w .colorskin-custom #header.w-header-type-10,#wrap.colorskin-custom #tribe-events .tribe-events-button,.colorskin-custom .tline-row-l,.colorskin-custom .tline-row-r, .colorskin-custom .big-title1:after, .colorskin-custom .max-title5:after,.colorskin-custom .max-title2:after,.colorskin-custom .max-title4:after, .colorskin-custom .subtitle-four:after, .colorskin-custom .max-counter.w-counter:before, .colorskin-custom .max-counter.w-counter:after, .colorskin-custom h6.h-sub-content, .colorskin-custom .teaser-box7 h4:before, .colorskin-custom .tribe-events-list-separator-month span, .colorskin-custom .tribe-events-list .tribe-events-event-meta, .colorskin-custom #header.box-menu .nav-wrap2 #nav > li.current, .colorskin-custom #header.box-menu .nav-wrap2 #nav > li > ul, .colorskin-custom .our-clients-wrap.w-crsl ul.our-clients img:hover, .colorskin-custom .woocommerce-info,.colorskin-custom #buddypress .comment-reply-link,.colorskin-custom #buddypress .generic-button a,.colorskin-custom #buddypress a.button,.colorskin-custom #buddypress button,.colorskin-custom #buddypress input[type=button],.colorskin-custom #buddypress input[type=reset],.colorskin-custom #buddypress input[type=submit],.colorskin-custom #buddypress ul.button-nav li a,.colorskin-custom a.bp-title-button,.colorskin-custom a.readmore:hover , #wrap.colorskin-custom .ts-hepta.testimonials-slider-w .owl-theme .owl-controls .owl-page.active span , .colorskin-custom .our-process-item:hover i , .colorskin-custom .w-pricing-table2:hover.w-pricing-table2 .ptcontent , .colorskin-custom .w-pricing-table2.featured .ptcontent , .colorskin-custom .llms-checkout-wrapper .llms-checkout , #wrap.colorskin-custom .author-carousel .owl-buttons div:hover, .author-carousel .owl-buttons div:active, .colorskin-custom .enrolment-wrap .enrolment-item p , #wrap.colorskin-custom .enrolment-wrap .enrolment-item:hover p , #wrap.colorskin-custom.kids-t .crsl .owl-buttons div:hover, #wrap.colorskin-custom.kids-t .our-clients-wrap.crsl .owl-buttons div:active, #wrap.colorskin-custom .wpcf7 .instructor p input:hover, #wrap.colorskin-custom .wpcf7 .instructor p textarea:hover , .colorskin-custom .icon-box20 span:before, .icon-box20 span:after , .colorskin-custom #pre-footer .footer-social-items a:hover i, #wrap.colorskin-custom .wp-pagenavi a:hover , .colorskin-custom.school-t #footer .socialfollow a:hover , #wrap.colorskin-custom .w-crsl .owl-buttons div:hover,.colorskin-custom .our-clients-wrap.w-crsl .owl-buttons div:active, #wrap.colorskin-custom #footer .widget .owl-buttons div:after , .colorskin-custom .commentlist li .comment-text .reply a:hover , #wrap.colorskin-custom .colorr, #wrap.colorskin-custom .hcolorr:hover , .colorskin-custom .blox.dark .vc_separator .vc_sep_holder .vc_sep_line , #wrap.colorskin-custom #w-h-carusel.w-crsl .owl-buttons div:hover:after , .colorskin-custom .events-clean2 .event-article:hover .event-date, .single-tribe_events .colorskin-custom .tribe-event-tags a:hover , .colorskin-custom #header.box-menu .nav-wrap2 #nav > li:hover , .colorskin-custom a.readmore , .colorskin-custom .button.bordered-bot.theme-skin , #wrap.colorskin-custom .um-form .um-button.um-alt , .colorskin-custom .our-team3:hover figure img , .colorskin-custom .testimonials-slider-w.ts-tetra .testimonial-brand img , .colorskin-custom .countdown-w.ctd-modern .block-w , .colorskin-custom #tribe-events-content-wrapper .tribe-events-sub-nav a , #wrap.colorskin-custom .course-content .llms-button , .colorskin-custom .button#llms_review_submit_button , .colorskin-custom .button.llms-next-lesson , .colorskin-custom .llms-question-label input[type="radio"] , .colorskin-custom .icon-box14 i , .colorskin-custom .side-list img , .colorskin-custom .widget-subscribe-form button , .colorskin-custom .llms-widget-syllabus .lesson-title.active:before { border-color: #2d5c88} .colorskin-custom .tp-caption.Fashion-BigDisplay { color:#2d5c88 !important;} .colorskin-custom .Button-Style { background-color:#2d5c88 !important;} .colorskin-custom .eg-item-skin-2-element-11 { background-color: ;} .colorskin-custom .woocommerce div.product .woocommerce-tabs ul.tabs li.active { border-top-color:#2d5c88 !important;} .llms-form-field.type-radio input[type=radio]:checked+label:before { background-image: -webkit-radial-gradient(center,ellipse,#2d5c88 0,#2d5c88 40%,#fafafa 45%); background-image: radial-gradient(ellipse at center,#2d5c88 0,#2d5c88 40%,#fafafa 45%);} .colorskin-custom #header.box-menu .nav-wrap2 #nav > li.current { border-bottom-color:#2d5c88; } .colorskin-custom h4.h-subtitle {border-bottom-color:#2d5c88; } .colorskin-custom .vc_progress_bar .vc_single_bar .vc_bar.animated {background-color: #2d5c88 !important;} #wrap.colorskin-custom .course-category-box-o .course-category-box:hover .ccb-hover-content.colorb { background-color: rgba(45,92,136,0.76); } .single-tribe_events .colorskin-custom .w-single-event-organizer i, .single-tribe_events .colorskin-custom .w-tribe-events-meta-date i { color: #2d5c88 !important; } #wrap.online-t.colorskin-custom .tribe-events-thismonth.tribe-events-future.tribe-events-has-events.mobile-trigger.tribe-events-right:hover div[id*=tribe-events-daynum-], .colorskin-custom .woocommerce-message a.button, .colorskin-custom .top-bar .inlinelb.topbar-contact, .online-t.colorskin-custom .tribe-events-thismonth.tribe-events-future.tribe-events-has-events.mobile-trigger.tribe-events-right:hover, .online-t.colorskin-custom .tribe-events-thismonth.tribe-events-present.tribe-events-has-events.mobile-trigger:hover, .online-t.colorskin-custom .tribe-events-thismonth.tribe-events-present.tribe-events-has-events.mobile-trigger:hover div[id*=tribe-events-daynum-]{ background-color: #2d5c88 !important; } .colorskin-custom .filter-category .course-category.active:after,.colorskin-custom .llms-lesson-preview.is-complete .llms-lesson-link, .colorskin-custom .llms-lesson-preview .llms-lesson-link.free, .colorskin-custom.online-t .tribe-events-thismonth.tribe-events-present.tribe-events-has-events.mobile-trigger:before { border-left-color: #2d5c88 ;} .colorskin-custom .woocommerce-message,.woocommerce .colorskin-custom div.product .woocommerce-tabs ul.tabs li.active { border-top-color: #2d5c88 ;} .colorskin-custom.online-t #footer .widget-subscribe-form input[type="text"]::-webkit-input-placeholder { color: #2d5c88;} .colorskin-custom.online-t #footer .widget-subscribe-form input[type="text"]:-moz-placeholder { color: #2d5c88;} .colorskin-custom.online-t #footer .widget-subscribe-form input[type="text"]::-moz-placeholder { color: #2d5c88;} .colorskin-custom.online-t #footer .widget-subscribe-form input[type="text"]:-ms-input-placeholder { color: #2d5c88;} .w-modal .colorskin-custom .wpcf7 .wpcf7-form input[type="submit"], .w-modal.colorskin-custom .wpcf7 .wpcf7-form input[type="reset"], .w-modal .colorskin-custom .wpcf7 .wpcf7-form input[type="button"], #w-login .colorskin-custom #wp-submit { background-color: #2d5c88 ;} #wrap #commentform input[type="submit"]:hover ,#wrap .w-llms-my-courses .course-link a, #wrap .top-bar .inlinelb.topbar-contact:hover, #wrap #tribe-events .tribe-events-button:hover, #wrap .llms-purchase-link-wrapper .llms-purchase-button.llms-button:hover, #wrap .w-course-list .llms-button { color: #fff ; } #wrap .w-course-list .llms-button:hover { background: #424242 !important;} #wrap.college-t .top-bar .inlinelb.topbar-contact { background-color: #4a4a4a; } #wrap .widget h1:after,#wrap .widget h4:after { border-right-color: #fff;border-left-color: #fff; } #wrap .button.theme-skin:hover { background: #333; border-color: #333; } .button.bordered-bot.theme-skin {background-color:transparent;} .button.bordered-bot.theme-skin:hover ,.goals .goal-content .donate-button:hover{color:#fff;} .course-grid-t .modern-content .llms-price-wrapper { display: none;} .course-titles { display: none;} .llms-syllabus-wrapper { display: none;} .modern-grid .modern-viewers { display: none;} .course-single-post .course-take-rate { display: none;} .modern-grid .modern-duration { display: none;} .llms-price-wrapper { display: none;} .llms-purchase-link-wrapper { display: none;} .modern-viewers { display: none;} .switch-field { display: none;} .top-links a:hover {background-color: #ffffff; border:1px solid #4a4a4a; padding:8px;} .top-links a {border:1px solid #4a4a4a; padding:8px;} .postmetadata { display: none;} .modern-grid .modern-rating { display: none;}